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Mamata Banerjee (''Mômota Bôndyopadhyay'') (born 5 January 1955) is an Indian politician who has been Chief Minister of West Bengal since 2011. She is the first woman to hold the office. Banerjee founded the party All India Trinamool Congress (AITMC or TMC) in 1997 and became its chairperson, after separating from the Indian National Congress. She is often referred to as ''Didi'' (meaning ''elder sister'' in Bengali). In 2011 Banerjee pulled off a landslide victory for the TMC Congress alliance in West Bengal by defeating the 34-year-old Communist Party of India (Marxist)-led Left Front government, the world's longest-serving democratically-elected communist government. Banerjee previously served as the Minister of Railways twice and is also the first woman Railway Minister of India, Minister of Coal, and Minister of State for Human Resource Development, Department of Youth Affairs and Sports and Women and Child Development in the cabinet of the Indian government. She opposed forceful land acquisition for industrialisation by the communist government in West Bengal for Special Economic Zones at the cost of agriculturalists and farmers. In 2012, ''Time'' magazine named her one of the "100 Most influential People in the World". In September 2012 Bloomberg Markets magazine listed her among the 50 most influential people in the world of finance.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mamata Banerjee among world's 50 influential leaders in finance )〕 The mercurial TMC leader was voted in May 2013 as India's most honest politician in an internal poll by members of India Against Corruption, India's largest anti-corruption coalition.〔Author:G.Satyaprasad Rao, (Trinamool Congress takes lead to form Third Front ), New Delhi, Saturday 15 June 2013, 00:23 AM (IST)〕 ==Early life and career== Banerjee was born in Calcutta (now Kolkata), West Bengal in a Bengali Brahmin family〔http://www.newindianexpress.com/thesundaystandard/Political-Eclipse-of-Once-Formidable-Brahmins/2014/05/11/article2217601.ece〕 to Promileswar Banerjee and Gayetri Devi.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.rediff.com/news/slide-show/slide-show-1-whod-have-known-mamatas-5-years-younger/20120125.htm )〕 She grew up in a lower middle class family. Banerjee's father died due to lack of medical treatment, when she was 17. In 1970, Banerjee completed the higher secondary board examination from Deshbandhu Sishu Sikshalay.〔 Banerjee graduated with an honours degree in History from the Jogamaya Devi College, a Graduate women's college in southern Kolkata.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of the College )〕〔('My focus is always to be with the people' – Hindustan Times )〕 Later she earned a master's degree in Islamic History from the University of Calcutta. This was followed by a degree in education from the Shri Shikshayatan College. She also earned a law degree from the Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri Law College, Kolkata. She was honored with DLitt from Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology. Banerjee became involved with politics when she was only 15. While studying at the Jogamaya Devi College established "Chhatra Parishad Unions", the student's wing of the Congress (I) Party, defeating the Democratic Students’ Union of the Socialist Unity Centre of India.〔 She continued in Congress (I) Party in West Bengal serving a variety of positions within the party and in other local political organizations. As a young woman in the 1970s, she quickly rose in the ranks to become the general secretary of the state Mahila Congress (1976–80).〔 Throughout her political life Banerjee has maintained an austere lifestyle, always dressing in simple traditional Bengali cotton sarees called 'tant', while wearing none of cosmetics or jewellery and always has a cotton bag slung on her shoulder. She has remained single throughout her life.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url= http://www.firstpost.com/living/mamata-saris-the-rage-in-kolkata-this-durga-puja-99919.html )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url= http://ibnlive.in.com/blogs/diptoshmajumdar/5/61837/mamata-express-you-cant-stop-her-anymore.html )〕 Banerjee is a self-taught painter and a poet. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mamata Banerjee」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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